{"title":"Revolutionary War\/Colonial Era","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"original-engraving-of-lafayette-c-1850","title":"Original Engraving Of Lafayette c. 1850","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis image is a print of a bust of the Marquis de Lafayette, a French general who fought in the American Revolutionary War. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e16 1\/4 x 21 1\/4 inches\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSome browning at edges\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePencil note at bottom left in unknown hand\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePartial loss of paper as shown pointed out \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWe are estimating year of production as 1850\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe original bust was sculpted by the American artist Horatio Greenough around 1831, and this specific engraving was dedicated to Joseph Green Cogswell. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDetails of the Print\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSubject: A bust portrait of General Lafayette (Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette), who lived from 1757 to 1834.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOriginal Sculptor: Horatio Greenough, a prominent American Neoclassical sculptor.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDedication: The text at the bottom dedicates the print \"To Joseph Greene Cogswell, Esq., This portrait of GENERAL LAFAYETTE... by Horatio Greenough\".\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMedium: Uncolored  engraving.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51381205270810,"sku":"EB-326883376670","price":225.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_333a8c82-0af5-4ecc-b926-64e6ea2a3a68.jpg?v=1764383781"},{"product_id":"revolutionary-war-era-massachusetts-bay-deed","title":"Revolutionary War Era Massachusetts Bay Deed","description":"\u003cp\u003eRevolutionary Era Deed\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e1777-1778\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e16 1\/2 x 13 inches\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCondition: Fair due to staining at folds.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis document is an original Massachusetts land deed from the Revolutionary War era, dated 1777. It is a partially printed legal document with handwritten details recording the sale of property in Gloucester. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument Details\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eType of Document: Land Deed (likely a warranty deed, a common form used for sales where title is guaranteed).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDate: The main body is dated the twelfth day of September 1777, and mentions the second year of American independence. There is a later handwritten attestation dated March 4th, 1778.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLocation: Gloucester, in the County of Essex, within the State of Massachusetts Bay.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGrantor (Seller): Nathan Whipple.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGrantee (Buyer): Jonathan Whipple.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConsideration: The sum of ninety-nine pounds paid in hand.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eProperty Description: The land is described as \"arable and pasture\" and mentions a spring of \"living water\" and a walnut tree as boundary markers.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWitnesses: Signatures at the bottom appear to be Joshua Norwood and Winthrop Norton. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Context\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe use of the term \"State of Massachusetts Bay\" is notable, as it predates the adoption of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Constitution in 1780. Land records from this period are vital for establishing property ownership and often provide important genealogical clues. Such historical documents from the Revolutionary War period are collectible due to their age and historical significance. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51381824061722,"sku":"EB-326883431382","price":225.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_1a76ff6a-7817-41e1-9b92-8cfd45d87a1a.jpg?v=1764388141"},{"product_id":"the-london-chronicle-nov-26-29-1796","title":"The London Chronicle, Nov. 26-29, 1796","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe London Chronicle 1796\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePages 11 1\/2 x 8 1\/2 inches \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEight pages\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e7-8 tear and paper loss as shown. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe London Chronicle newspaper, dated from Saturday, November 26, to Tuesday, November 29, 1796. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe London Chronicle was an early, influential, thrice-weekly newspaper in Georgian London, first introduced in 1756. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt contained both world and national news, as well as coverage of artistic, literary, and theatrical events. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe issue in the image contains dispatches from Robert Craufurd, Esq., to Lord Grenville regarding military movements and engagements in Europe, specifically involving the Archduke Charles of Austria and French forces.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe newspaper is a valuable primary source for historical events of the era, including the Revolutionary War and the French Revolution\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51381829861658,"sku":"EB-326883454238","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_2b6bfab4-b81d-40ea-94a6-cfc6000d749d.jpg?v=1764388213"},{"product_id":"1775-yoeman-indenture-with-seal-from-reign-of-king-george-iii","title":"1775 Yoeman Indenture With Seal From Reign Of King George III","description":"\u003cp\u003eDocument Type: English property deed (indenture)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eExact Year: 1775\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKing Named: George III\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eParties: Thomas Moss \u0026amp; Francis Budden, both yeomen\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePurpose: Paid land transfer\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAge: ~250 years old\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasures 20 x 16 inches \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e(Note the actual wavy indent at top from which the word indenture comes from) \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt is from the reign of:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKing George III – 15th regnal year = 1775\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSeal intact\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFolds on back taped in several areas. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThat is exactly the year the American Revolutionary War began. The product is a 1775 Yoeman Indenture with seal from the reign of King George III. This historical document likely involves a contract or agreement between a Yoeman (a common laborer) and another party during this specific period of British history. The seal adds authenticity and adds to the collectible aspect of this piece, making it a valuable antique for those interested in manuscripts and historical artifacts.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eText: “This Indenture made the [—] day of September in the fifteenth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third by the Grace of God King of Great Britain France and Ireland Defender of the Faith \u0026amp;c Between Thomas Moss of the parish of [—] in the County of [—] yeoman of the one part and Francis Budden of the parish of [—] in the County of [—] yeoman of the other part Witnesseth that the said Thomas Moss for and in consideration of the sum of [—] lawful money of Great Britain to him in hand paid by the said Francis Budden at or before the sealing and delivery of these presents the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged…”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51416479105306,"sku":"EB-326897470099","price":1250.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_c3f45ddd-4f99-406d-989e-576feeab9c87.jpg?v=1764813281"},{"product_id":"fascinating-french-revolutionary-era-document-signed-by-marquis-de-lafayette","title":"Fascinating French Revolutionary–era document Signed By Marquis De Lafayette","description":"\u003cp\u003eA formal Revolutionary military promotion endorsement\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSigned by Lafayette during active command\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAddressed to Rochambeau’s authority system\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIssued during the exact year the French monarchy was collapsing (1791)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis places it in the most important collectible period of French history.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e13 x 8 1\/4 inches\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo buyers premium \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eDate: 1791 (clearly visible at top)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLocation: Paris\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eContent Type:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA formal letter of recommendation \/ military appointment support\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eContext:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRevolutionary France, National Guard \/ military service\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eName “Lafayette” appears as a recommending authority, alongside other officials.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis places it directly in:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe peak of Lafayette’s political influence\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe French Revolution (pre-Terror period)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhich is the most desirable period for collectors\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eCondition: Heavy paper wear\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEdge losses \/ separation\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eStaining and ink fading\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMultiple folds\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eArchival condition is fair–good\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eEnglish translation: Paris, 15 June 1791\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWe, the undersigned, certify that, after various circumstances, we found nothing but good conduct on the part of Citizen Constant Théodore Joseph Dufour (or Gosuin), former non-commissioned officer of the National Guard of Avranches, son of Colonel Commandant of the same Guard.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis citizen, having served for several years with zeal and integrity, has been granted the honorable discharge of officer by virtue of the decrees which promote noble conduct.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe law having removed the obstacles that formerly prevented him, he now desires to embrace a station that is worthy of his principles; and having given constant proof of good conduct, he is deserving of public confidence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHis brother has also served with evident zeal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eI therefore take the liberty of particularly recommending him to the kindness of Monsieur de Rochambeau, the said Constant Théodore Joseph Dufour, whose conduct and patriotism I know well, and whom I consider entirely suitable to fill one of the vacant positions in the line regiments.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAt Paris, the 3rd of July, 1791.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eAt the lower right:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eI certify that he has served several campaigns, with zeal and devotion to the military service, and that he has distinguished himself by a conduct worthy of the greatest praise.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAt the Assembly of the Department\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eSignatories: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e1. Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSignature: “Lafayette”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Importance:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCommander of the National Guard of Paris\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHero of the American Revolution\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOne of the central figures of the French Revolution\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDrafter of the Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789) with Jefferson’s influence\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRole Here:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePersonal endorsement and recommendation of a soldier for advancement\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis is a direct official autograph during his peak of power\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e2. Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte de Rochambeau\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eReferred to as: “Monsieur de Rochambeau”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Importance:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCommander of French forces sent to America\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCo-victor with George Washington at Yorktown (1781)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOne of the most important French generals in U.S. history\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRole Here:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe officer to whom Lafayette is recommending the candidate\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e3. Departmental \u0026amp; Guard Officials\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSeveral additional officials sign below Lafayette, including:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA Department of the National Assembly official\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA Captain of Grenadiers\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA National Guard commander\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhile their exact full identities require archival comparison, they are clearly:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSenior Revolutionary military administrators\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eNot private citizens\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eActing under National Assembly authority\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51425056686362,"sku":"EB-326899046495","price":47500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_e9dd2171-c261-4e7c-a55c-094bd8a0bbcc.jpg?v=1764946094"},{"product_id":"new-jersey-colonial-currency","title":"New Jersey Colonial Currency","description":"\u003cp\u003eFramed display measures 20 1\/2 x 16 1\/2 inches\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFelted rear display of currency \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe framed note is a piece of New Jersey colonial currency issued on March 25, 1776, just months before the Declaration of Independence. These notes were issued by the colonies to finance local expenses and the Revolutionary War effort. The currency in the image is (Fifteen shillings) a note from a series that includes denominations such as 1, 3, 6, 12, 15, and 30 shillings, as well as 3 and 6 pounds. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePrinter: These notes were printed by Isaac Collins in Burlington, New Jersey.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSecurity: To deter counterfeiting, the notes often featured intricate borders and the warning \"To Counterfeit is Death\". \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51450379370778,"sku":"EB-326910678518","price":850.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_35368bad-31bd-4668-b5a9-4899148ee534.jpg?v=1765555677"},{"product_id":"print-of-george-washington-crossing-the-delaware","title":"Print Of George Washington Crossing The Delaware","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis is a very well done reproduction print of the famous 1851 oil-on-canvas painting, \"Washington Crossing the Delaware,\" by the German-American artist Emanuel Leutze. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe print measures 28 x 22 inches including the margins.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe painting commemorates General George Washington's surprise attack against Hessian forces at the Battle of Trenton on Christmas night, 1776, a pivotal moment in the American Revolutionary War. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKey details about the painting include:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eArtist and Date: Emanuel Leutze painted the original in Düsseldorf, Germany, in 1850. After it was damaged in a studio fire, he created a second, full-sized version in 1851 which is now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSymbolism Over Accuracy: The painting is considered an iconic American image, intended to inspire liberal reformers during the European revolutions of 1848 with themes of unity and democracy, rather than strict historical accuracy.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Inaccuracies: The depiction contains several historical inaccuracies, such as the type of boats used (flat-bottomed Durham boats were actually used), the \"Stars and Stripes\" flag which wasn't adopted until the following year, and the fact that Washington likely would not have been standing upright in the boat due to the rough conditions. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51739546714394,"sku":"EB-326971926350","price":95.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_37aa04b8-eee9-4fc5-83ba-5dc362f2aa3b.jpg?v=1771869973"},{"product_id":"revolutionary-war-express-rider-expense","title":"Revolutionary War Express Rider Expense","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis document is a Revolutionary War-era expense account dated September 14, 1781, submitted to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts by an express rider named Sam Chapman. It details costs incurred for delivering urgent messages (express riding) between Boston and other locations during the final months of the American Revolution. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDocument Breakdown\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe account lists specific charges for courier services and related travel expenses:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e* Express Ride to Marblehead: A charge for a ride to \"Marblehead the Wharf,\" listed at 1 shilling and 4 pence per mile, totaling £1.0.0.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e* Time and Ferry Expenses: Charges for one day of \"my time\" and \"expenses \u0026amp; crossing the Ferry,\" both at 12 shillings.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e* Long-Distance Ride to Great Barrington: A 150-mile journey at 1 shilling and 4 pence per mile, totaling £10.0.0.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e* Extended Service Time: 7 days of time charged at 12 shillings per day, totaling £4.4.0.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e* Self and Horse Expenses: Costs for personal and animal upkeep during the 7-day trip, also totaling £4.4.0.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe total balance due is listed as £20.12.0 (20 pounds and 12 shillings). The bottom of the document includes the standard 18th-century commercial disclaimer \"Errors Excepted ac\" (Errors and Omissions Excepted), indicating the bill is subject to correction.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Context\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpress riders like Sam Chapman were vital for military and governmental communications before modern postal systems. At the time this was written (September 1781), the Revolutionary War was reaching its climax, with the Siege of Yorktown beginning in the South and Massachusetts maintaining high alert for British naval activity. The mention of \"Marblehead the Wharf\" likely refers to delivering orders to coastal defenses or naval vessels.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eSam Chapman is indeed documented in the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History collection as the recipient of payments from the Commonwealth.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51739553399066,"sku":"EB-327009155413","price":1450.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_6290121a-ad3d-48b0-b2ec-9e6830202597.jpg?v=1771870028"},{"product_id":"connecticut-continental-currency-woodworth","title":"Connecticut Continental Currency  Woodworth","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis document is a 1782 Connecticut Treasury Office pay order, also known as a promissory note or bond, issued to a soldier for service in the Connecticut Line of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e1 1\/2 inch tear bottom center upward.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKey Details of the Document\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRecipient: Issued to Mr. Ebenr. Woodworth.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDate: Dated June 1, 1782.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmount: The sum of thirteen pounds, one shilling, and six pence (£13:1:6).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePurpose: These notes represented one-fourth of the total balance found due to a soldier for their military service. They were issued because the state often lacked the immediate cash to pay troops.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSigner: This particular note is signed by John Lawrence, who served as the Treasurer of Connecticut. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese \"Continental Line\" certificates are important historical artifacts of early American finance and the military history of the Revolution. They were typically payable in \"Gold or Silver\" by a future date (in this case, June 1, 1787) and accrued annual interest. Because many soldiers were in dire need of funds after the war, they often sold these notes to speculators at a fraction of their face value. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51779805053210,"sku":"EB-327015588683","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_e0af2bc2-349b-4084-8559-8774a8835e13.jpg?v=1772543875"},{"product_id":"connecticut-continental-currency-carter","title":"Connecticut Continental Currency Carter","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis document is a 1780 Connecticut Treasury Office pay order, also known as a promissory note or bond, issued to a soldier for service in the Connecticut Line of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePurpose: These notes represented one-fourth of the total balance found due to a soldier for their military service. They were issued because the state often lacked the immediate cash to pay troops.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSigner: This particular note is signed by John Lawrence, who served as the Treasurer of Connecticut. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese \"Continental Line\" certificates are important historical artifacts of early American finance and the military history of the Revolution. They were typically payable in \"Gold or Silver\" by a future date and accrued annual interest. Because many soldiers were in dire need of funds after the war, they often sold these notes to speculators at a fraction of their face value. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51779805249818,"sku":"EB-327015596787","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_f6eb6d90-90ec-46fa-8ae5-d04c7a61c1b0.jpg?v=1772543878"},{"product_id":"connecticut-continental-currency-gilbert","title":"Connecticut Continental Currency Gilbert","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis document is a 1780 Connecticut Treasury Office pay order, also known as a promissory note or bond, issued to a soldier for service in the Connecticut Line of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003ePurpose: These notes represented one-fourth of the total balance found due to a soldier for their military service. They were issued because the state often lacked the immediate cash to pay troops.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSigner: This particular note is signed by John Lawrence, who served as the Treasurer of Connecticut. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Significance\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese \"Continental Line\" certificates are important historical artifacts of early American finance and the military history of the Revolution. They were typically payable in \"Gold or Silver\" by a future date and accrued annual interest. Because many soldiers were in dire need of funds after the war, they often sold these notes to speculators at a fraction of their face value. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51779805348122,"sku":"EB-327015601431","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_9d6f183c-ff6b-4e2d-afd2-b8cdb3e2b275.jpg?v=1772543881"},{"product_id":"1781-revolutionary-war-tax-warrant","title":"1781 Revolutionary War Tax Warrant","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis document is an original tax warrant dated April 18, 1781, from Taunton, Massachusetts. It was issued during the American Revolutionary War to raise funds for the \"United States of America\" and to pay for \"hiring and procuring Soldiers for the Army\". \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKey Details of the Document\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePurpose: To collect taxes from town inhabitants to defray the \"necessary Charges arising within the same\" and specifically to fund the recruitment of soldiers.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRecipients: Addressed to the \"Constable or Constables of the Town of Taunton\" within Bristol County.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTreasurer: Taxes were to be delivered to Mr. Elisha Codding.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEnforcement: The warrant authorizes the seizure (\"distrain\") of goods or chattels if payment is refused. If no goods can be found, the constable is empowered to commit the person to the \"Common Goal [Jail] of the County\".\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDeadline: A full account of collections was required by the \"first Monday of May next\". \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSignatories\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe document is signed by three Assessors of Taunton: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Dean\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAbiel Macomber\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eJosiah Crocker \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese individuals were prominent local figures responsible for managing the town's wartime financial obligations. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51779806855450,"sku":"EB-327026002621","price":650.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_dda0d18f-8728-4dc0-9207-33d7648eafe3.jpg?v=1772543886"},{"product_id":"post-revolutionary-war-property-restoration-to-a-loyalist","title":"Post Revolutionary War Property Restoration To A Loyalist","description":"\u003cp\u003eCONNECTICUT. Manuscript Legislative Act Restoring Confiscated Loyalist Estate. Hartford, May 1785. Signed by George Wyllys.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAutograph manuscript legislative act, 4 pp. on a bifolium folio sheet, accomplished in a clear clerical hand, Hartford, May 1785. Signed at conclusion, “By Order of the Assembly, George Wyllys, Secretary.” Docketed on verso: “Act of Assembly … Chas. McEwen £1071.0.4.” Old folds as issued; minor toning and light staining; overall very good and fully legible.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAn important post–Revolutionary War act of the Connecticut General Assembly concerning the confiscated estate of Charles McEwen of the City of New York.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe document opens:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“At a General Assembly of the State of Connecticut holden at Hartford on the second Thursday of May 1785…”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMcEwen’s memorial represents that his real and personal estate in Connecticut had been confiscated during the late war. The Assembly resolves that property not already sold or legally disposed of be restored to him, while affirming the validity of prior lawful administrative acts. The measure further addresses outstanding financial balances—docketed at £1,071.0.4 lawful money—and clarifies legal standing in any future suits.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis act reflects the complex political and legal reconciliation following the American Revolution. During the war, Connecticut, like other states, enacted confiscation laws against Loyalists and British sympathizers. After the 1783 Treaty of Paris, state legislatures were compelled to address petitions for restoration, compensation, or legal clarification. Manuscript legislative acts documenting this transitional period are scarce and offer direct insight into early American governance under the Articles of Confederation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA substantial and historically resonant example of Revolutionary-era confiscation and postwar restitution policy.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51779808624922,"sku":"EB-327026023230","price":850.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_c547569b-95bb-44b4-9a45-9608ac5e2689.jpg?v=1772543893"},{"product_id":"revolutionary-war-letter-referencing-bunker-hill-four-days-after-battle","title":"Revolutionary War Letter Referencing Bunker Hill, Four Days After Battle.","description":"\u003cp\u003eRevolutionary War Letter Reporting Early Casualties After Bunker Hill\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAutograph Letter Signed (ALS)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eJune 21, 1775\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eManuscript letter in ink on laid rag paper, three pages on a single bifolium sheet, folded for transmission. Dated June 21, 1775, four days after the Battle of Bunker Hill (June 17, 1775). Contemporary hand. Address panel and original fold lines present. Later archival tape reinforcements along folds. Some loss at edges; text largely legible.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistorical Context\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis letter was written in the immediate aftermath of the Battle of Bunker Hill, one of the earliest and bloodiest engagements of the American Revolution.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDated just four days after the battle, the writer reports:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“the unhappy difference between our countrymen \u0026amp; his Majesty’s Troops…”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eand refers to:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e“Lieutenant Paterson whose Horse was shot under him at the engagement… accounts reported at Boston that 500 Americans are killed…”\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe letter captures the atmosphere of confusion, rumor, and escalating fear following the June 17, 1775 engagement near Boston. Casualty figures circulated widely and were often exaggerated; contemporary reports varied significantly before official returns were issued.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe phrasing indicates a British or Loyalist perspective (“his Majesty’s Troops”), suggesting the writer was either in Britain or aligned with Crown interests.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe reference to “the engagement” almost certainly pertains to Bunker Hill, as no other major engagement occurred in the Boston theater between Lexington \u0026amp; Concord (April 19, 1775) and this date.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eContent Summary\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe letter blends:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePersonal family matters\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHealth concerns\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTransatlantic correspondence with Virginia\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eImmediate wartime intelligence\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKey passages include:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConcern over escalating hostilities\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eReports of officer casualties\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDiscussion of exaggerated American losses\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eReference to Boston and Virginia correspondence\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe document provides a near-real-time civilian reaction to the opening phase of the Revolutionary War.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhysical Description\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLaid rag paper with visible chain lines\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFolded for postal transmission (pre-envelope format)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eInk oxidation consistent with 18th century iron gall ink\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePartial separations at fold intersections\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLater archival reinforcement tape\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eModerate edge loss\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCondition is stable but compromised by historical folding and later repairs.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSignificance\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLetters dated within days of Bunker Hill are scarce. This example is notable for:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePrecise dating (June 21, 1775)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDirect reference to the recent engagement\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eNamed British officer\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eContemporary casualty reporting\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eClear wartime political language\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSuch documents illustrate how early war news circulated and how rapidly the conflict escalated in public perception.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis is not a retrospective narrative; it is immediate reaction material.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton Audubon Prints","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51795933626650,"sku":"EB-327027761455","price":4750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2221\/0931\/files\/57_1eb4fa80-9b24-44c9-961f-c8a996642987.jpg?v=1772749511"}],"url":"https:\/\/princetonaudubonprints.com\/collections\/revolutionary-war-colonial-era.oembed","provider":"Signature Documents LLC","version":"1.0","type":"link"}